Microsorum pteropus – Java Fern

A true terrarium staple, Microsorum pteropus is a low-maintenance fern with long, arching green fronds and a slow, steady growth habit. Originally from Southeast Asia, this species naturally grows along stream banks and moist forest floors, making it a perfect fit for high-humidity, closed terrarium environments. Its rhizomes prefer to be placed on hard surfaces rather than buried in soil, which also makes it a popular choice for aquariums, where it can be fully submerged and grown attached to rocks or driftwood.

Scientific Name
Microsorum pteropus (wing-footed Microsorum)

Synonyms
Polypodium pteropus Blume, Leptochilus pteropus

Common Name
Java Fern

Origin
Native to Southeast Asia – including Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia – typically found growing along streams and in shaded, humid forests.

Light
Prefers bright, indirect light or low dappled light. Too much direct sunlight may scorch the fronds. In terrariums or aquariums, it thrives in low- to medium-light conditions.

Water
Keep the environment consistently moist but not soggy. In a terrarium, avoid waterlogging the roots – instead, mist regularly and ensure good humidity. If submerged in water (e.g. aquarium), ensure soft, dechlorinated water is used.

Humidity
High humidity is essential for best results. In closed or partially closed terrariums, this plant thrives. If kept in open air, mist frequently or place in a naturally humid room like a bathroom.

Soil
Does not like its roots buried in soil – attach the rhizome to a rock, driftwood, or bark using string, wire, or plant glue. In terrariums, use an epiphytic planting method or place gently on top of a well-draining substrate like moss or LECA.

Food
Feed lightly during the growing season (spring to early autumn) with a diluted, balanced liquid fertiliser once a month. For aquariums, use a liquid aquatic fertiliser occasionally if needed.

Temperature
Prefers temperatures between 20–28°C. Avoid cold drafts or temperatures below 15°C.

Pet-safe
Yes – non-toxic to cats, dogs, and humans.

Sprouts Top Tips
Never bury the rhizome! Whether in a terrarium or an aquarium, this fern will rot if its rhizome is covered by soil or gravel. Mount it on a hard surface and let it do its thing.

Extras
Can be propagated easily by dividing the rhizome or by trimming and planting the small plantlets that grow from the tips of mature fronds.

Did You Know?
Java Fern has long been a favourite of aquascapers, not just for its graceful form, but because fish generally leave it alone – making it ideal for naturalistic tank setups.